Blood Relations Questions Placement

Last Updated: August 2026

Introduction to Blood Relations

Blood Relations is a logical reasoning topic that tests your ability to understand and analyze family relationships. This topic is crucial for placement exams at companies like TCS, Infosys, Wipro, Cognizant, Deloitte, Amazon, and Microsoft, as well as sarkari exams including SSC CGL, Bank PO, Railway NTPC, and UPSC CSAT.

Why Blood Relations is Important:

• Tests logical thinking and relationship mapping skills
• Evaluates your ability to process multi-level information
• No complex calculations required - pure logical reasoning
• Frequently appears in reasoning sections (3-5 questions typically)
• Foundation for understanding family trees in data interpretation

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Important Concepts and Shortcuts

Basic Relationship Terms

Generation Mapping

Generation +2: Grandparents (GF, GM, MGF, MGM)
Generation +1: Parents, Aunts, Uncles, In-laws
Generation 0: Self, Siblings, Cousins, Spouse
Generation -1: Children, Nephews, Nieces
Generation -2: Grandchildren

Shortcut Rules

1. Gender Determination:

   • "Brother", "Father", "Uncle", "Son", "Nephew" = Male
   • "Sister", "Mother", "Aunt", "Daughter", "Niece" = Female
   • "Child", "Sibling", "Parent", "Cousin" = Gender neutral

2. Direction Method:

   • Use '+' for moving up generations (towards ancestors)
   • Use '-' for moving down generations (towards descendants)
   • Same generation = horizontal relationship

3. Quick Reference Chart:

   • Father of father = Grandfather
   • Mother of mother = Grandmother
   • Son of brother = Nephew
   • Daughter of sister = Niece
   • Wife of son = Daughter-in-law
   • Husband of daughter = Son-in-law

4. Symbol Convention (for solving):

   • M = Male, F = Female
   • '→' or '<' = married to
   • '|' or downward arrow = parent-child

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Practice Questions

Level 1: Easy

Question 1: Direct Relationship Pointing to a photograph of another girl, Priya said, "She is the daughter of my grandfather's only son." How is Priya related to the girl in the photograph?

<details> <summary>Solution</summary>

• Priya's grandfather's only son = Priya's father (since "only son" implies no other sons)
• Daughter of Priya's father = Priya or Priya's sister
• The photograph is explicitly of another girl, so it cannot be Priya herself
• Therefore, the girl is Priya's sister

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Question 2: Simple Family Tree If A is the brother of B, B is the sister of C, and C is the father of D, how is A related to D?

<details> <summary>Solution</summary>

• A is brother of B (A and B are siblings, same generation)
• B is sister of C (B and C are siblings)
• Therefore, A and C are also siblings (brothers)
• C is father of D, so A is uncle of D

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Question 3: Mother's Side Introducing a man, a woman said, "His mother is the only daughter of my mother." How is the woman related to the man?

<details> <summary>Solution</summary>

• "Only daughter of my mother" = the woman herself (she is the only daughter)
• So the man's mother = the woman
• Therefore, the woman is the man's mother

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Question 4: Father's Side Pointing to a man, Suresh said, "His only brother is the father of my daughter's father." How is the man related to Suresh?

<details> <summary>Solution</summary>

• "My daughter's father" = Suresh himself
• "Father of Suresh" = Suresh's father
• "Only brother of Suresh's father" = Suresh's uncle (father's brother)
• The man is that person

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Question 5: Spouse Relations A is B's sister. C is B's mother. D is C's father. E is D's mother. How is A related to D?

<details> <summary>Solution</summary>

• D is C's father
• C is B's mother, so D is B's grandfather
• A is B's sister, so D is also A's grandfather

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Question 6: In-Law Relations If P is the husband of Q, and R is the mother of Q and S, then how is R related to P?

<details> <summary>Solution</summary>

• P is married to Q
• R is Q's mother
• Therefore, R is P's mother-in-law

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Question 7: Cousin Identification A and B are brothers. C and D are sisters. A's son is D's brother. How is B related to C?

<details> <summary>Solution</summary>

• A's son is D's brother → D is A's daughter
• C and D are sisters → C is also A's daughter
• A and B are brothers → B is C's uncle

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Question 8: In-Law Relation Pointing to a photograph, Arun said, "She is the mother of my son's wife's daughter." How is Arun related to the lady?

<details> <summary>Solution</summary>

• Arun's son's wife is Arun's daughter-in-law
• The daughter of Arun's son's wife is Arun's granddaughter
• The mother of that daughter is the son's wife, so the lady is Arun's daughter-in-law
• Therefore, Arun is the lady's father-in-law

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Question 9: Multiple Siblings M is the sister of K. D is the brother of K. F is the mother of K. H is the husband of F. How is D related to H?

<details> <summary>Solution</summary>

• H is husband of F, so H is the father of K (and siblings)
• D is brother of K, so D is H's son

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Question 10: Family Chain P is the father of Q. Q is the brother of R. R is the mother of S. How is P related to S?

<details> <summary>Solution</summary>

• R is mother of S
• Q is brother of R
• P is father of Q, so P is also father of R
• Therefore, P is S's grandfather

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Level 2: Medium

Question 11: Complex Introduction Introducing Reeta, Mohan said, "Her father is the only son of my father." How is Mohan related to Reeta?

<details> <summary>Solution</summary>

• "Only son of my father" = Mohan himself (assuming Mohan is male)
• So Reeta's father = Mohan
• Therefore, Mohan is Reeta's father

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Question 12: Gender Neutral Puzzle A is the brother of B. C is the father of D. E is the mother of B. A and D are siblings. How is E related to D?

<details> <summary>Solution</summary>

• A and B are siblings; E is mother of B, so E is mother of A
• A and D are siblings
• Therefore, E is also mother of D

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Question 13: Multi-Generation Pointing to a man, Akshay said, "His only daughter is my daughter's mother." How is the man related to Akshay?

<details> <summary>Solution</summary>

• "My daughter's mother" = Akshay's wife
• So the man's only daughter = Akshay's wife
• Therefore, the man is Akshay's father-in-law

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Question 14: Cousin Relations P is the mother of Q. Q is the mother of S. R is the brother of S. T is the brother of Q. How is T related to S?

<details> <summary>Solution</summary>

• Q is S's mother
• T is Q's brother
• Therefore, T is the brother of S's mother

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Question 15: Complex Chain A is the son of B. C is B's sister and has a son D and daughter E. F is the maternal uncle of D. How is A related to F?

<details> <summary>Solution</summary>

• C is B's sister
• D is C's son
• F is maternal uncle of D → F is C's brother
• Since C and B are siblings, and F is C's brother
• F is also B's brother, making F A's uncle

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Question 16: Combined Relations P is the brother of Q. R is the sister of Q. S is the father of P. T is the mother of R. How is Q related to S?

<details> <summary>Solution</summary>

• P, Q, R are siblings (P brother, R sister of Q)
• S is father of P, so S is father of all three
• Therefore, Q is S's son/daughter

Since no gender specified for Q: Answer: Son or Daughter (Child)

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Question 17: Photograph Puzzle Looking at a portrait, Harsh said, "His father is the husband of my father's only daughter." How is the person in the portrait related to Harsh?

<details> <summary>Solution</summary>

• "My father's only daughter" = Harsh's sister (or Harsh if female)
• "Husband of Harsh's sister" = Harsh's brother-in-law
• "Father of the person in portrait" = Harsh's brother-in-law
• Therefore, the person is Harsh's nephew/niece

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Question 18: Inverted Relations If A + B means A is the mother of B, A - B means A is the brother of B, and A × B means A is the son of B, then how is P related to R in P - Q + R?

<details> <summary>Solution</summary>

• P - Q: P is brother of Q
• Q + R: Q is mother of R
• So P is brother of R's mother
• Therefore, P is R's maternal uncle

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Question 19: Symbol Decoding If A $ B means A is the father of B, A # B means A is the sister of B, and A @ B means A is the daughter of B, then what does P $ Q @ R # S mean for P and S? In this question, the two people identified as Q's father and mother are a married couple.

<details> <summary>Solution</summary>

• P $ Q: P is father of Q
• Q @ R: Q is the daughter of R, so R is Q's mother
• The question states that P and R are married
• R # S: R is the sister of S
• Therefore, P, as R's husband, is S's brother-in-law

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Question 20: Family Tree Reconstruction There are six members in a family: A, B, C, D, E, and F. A and B are a married couple. D is the only son of C. C is the brother of A. E is the sister of D. B is the daughter-in-law of F, whose husband has died. How is F related to C?

<details> <summary>Solution</summary>

• A and B are married
• B is daughter-in-law of F → F is mother/father of A
• C is brother of A
• So F is also parent of C
• Therefore, F is mother of C (assuming F is female from "husband has died")

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Level 3: Hard

Question 21: Complex Symbol System If P + Q means P is the father of Q, P - Q means P is the wife of Q, P × Q means P is the brother of Q, and P ÷ Q means P is the sister of Q, then write an expression that means A is the uncle of B.

<details> <summary>Solution</summary>

• A × C: A is brother of C
• C + B: C is father of B
• Therefore, A is the brother of B's father, which makes A the uncle of B

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Question 22: Multi-Statement Puzzle Read the following statements:

1. A is the father of B
2. C is the sister of B
3. D is the mother of A
4. E is the brother of C
5. F is the husband of D

How is F related to E?

<details> <summary>Solution</summary>

• D is mother of A, F is husband of D → F is father of A
• A is father of B, C is sister of B → A is father of C too
• E is brother of C → E is also child of A
• So F is A's father, and A is E's father
• Therefore, F is E's grandfather

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Question 23: Gender Determination Challenge Pointing to a photograph, a lady tells Pramod, "I am the only daughter of this lady and her son is your maternal uncle." How is the speaker related to Pramod's father?

<details> <summary>Solution</summary>

• "Her son is your maternal uncle" → son of the lady in photo is Pramod's mother's brother
• "I am the only daughter of this lady" → speaker is daughter of the lady in photo
• So the speaker is sister of Pramod's maternal uncle
• Therefore, speaker is Pramod's mother
• So she is wife of Pramod's father

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Question 24: Extended Family P, Q, R, S, T, and U are six family members. P is the father of Q and U. Q is married to S. R and T are the children of Q and S, and T is R's sister. How is U related to S?

<details> <summary>Solution</summary>

• Q is S's husband
• U is Q's brother
• Therefore, U is the brother of S's husband

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Question 25: Three-Generation Puzzle A family has six members across three generations and includes two married couples. Each member has exactly one role: two are housewives, one is a teacher, one is an engineer, and two are students. The engineer is a married man, both students are unmarried, and the teacher is a woman who is not married to the engineer. What is the role of the engineer's spouse?

<details> <summary>Solution</summary>

• The engineer is married, so his spouse cannot be either unmarried student
• The teacher is explicitly not married to the engineer
• The roles are exclusive, leaving a housewife as the engineer's spouse

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Question 26: Matrix Format Read the following information carefully:

A # B means A is the father of B A $ B means A is the sister of B A * B means A is the daughter of B A @ B means A is the brother of B A % B means A is the wife of B

Which of the following indicates that M is the wife of Q?

Options: (a) M $ Q (b) M * Q (c) M % Q (d) Q # M

<details> <summary>Solution</summary>

• The % symbol directly means "is the wife of"
• Therefore, M % Q means M is the wife of Q

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Question 27: Counting Family Members A family has eight members: A, B, C, D, E, F, G, and H. H is B's husband and the father of sons A and E. D is A's wife; A and D are the parents of daughters C and G and son F. How many male members are in the family?

<details> <summary>Solution</summary>

• H is male because he is a father
• A and E are explicitly sons, and F is also a son
• B and D are wives, while C and G are daughters
• Therefore, the male members are H, A, E, and F

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Question 28: Complex Generation Puzzle Read the following statements about a family of seven members distributed across three generations:

1. G and F are married, and C is their son
2. C and A are married
3. B and D are the sons of C and A
4. E is the daughter of C and A

How is D related to G?

<details> <summary>Solution</summary>

• G is a parent of C
• C is a parent of D
• Therefore, G is D's grandparent, and D is G's grandson

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Question 29: Profession and Relationship Mix A, B, C, D, E, and F are members of a family consisting of three generations. There are two married couples in the family. The family members are: one engineer, one doctor, one teacher, one shopkeeper, one architect, and one lawyer.

1. A is the lawyer, and D is the doctor; they are married
2. C is their daughter and the teacher
3. B is the engineer and is married to C
4. F is the child of B and C and is the architect
5. E is the son of A and D, the brother of C, and the shopkeeper

How is E related to the doctor?

<details> <summary>Solution</summary>

• D is the doctor and a parent of C
• E is the son of A and D, so D is also E's parent
• E is male because he is identified as C's brother

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Question 30: Circular Seating Family Six family members P, Q, R, S, T, and U sit in a circle. R and U are married and have two sons, P and S. Q is P's wife, and T is U's sister. R sits opposite U, P sits opposite S, Q sits opposite T, and S sits between R and T. How is S related to T?

<details> <summary>Solution</summary>

• U is S's mother
• T is U's sister, so T is S's maternal aunt
• S is male because he is identified as a son

The seating clues are consistent with the clockwise order R, S, T, U, P, Q.

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Companies & Exams Asking Blood Relations

Top Companies

• TCS, Infosys, Wipro, CTS - 2-3 questions, moderate difficulty
• Deloitte, KPMG, EY - Logical reasoning focus, medium-hard
• Amazon, Microsoft - Sometimes included in logical assessment
• Tech Mahindra, HCL - Regular occurrence in reasoning section

Government Exams

• SSC CGL/CHSL - 2-4 questions, medium difficulty
• Bank PO/Clerk (SBI, IBPS) - Frequent, 3-5 questions
• Railway NTPC/Group D - Basic level, 1-2 questions
• UPSC CSAT - Complex puzzles occasionally
• State PSCs - Regular feature in reasoning

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Preparation Tips

1. Draw Family Trees: Always sketch a quick diagram with symbols (↑ parents, ↓ children, = siblings) to visualize relationships.

2. Determine Gender First: Before solving, identify the gender of each person mentioned. This eliminates half the wrong options instantly.

3. Use Standard Symbols: Develop a consistent notation (M for male, F for female, lines for relationships) for quick sketching.

4. Work Backwards: For "how is X related to Y" questions, start from Y and trace back to X.

5. Beware of Traps: Watch for self-references ("my father's only daughter" could be the speaker herself).

6. Practice Coded Relations: Many exams now use symbols. Practice decoding statements with +, -, ×, ÷, $, #, @, etc.

7. Time Management: Don't spend more than 1-2 minutes per question. If stuck, mark and move on.

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You May Also Like

• Blood Relations Reasoning Tricks 2026
• Blood Relations Problems For Placement

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)

Q1: How can I quickly determine gender in blood relation problems?

Look for explicit gender indicators: father, mother, brother, sister, uncle, aunt, son, daughter, nephew, niece, husband, wife. Terms like "child," "parent," "sibling," "cousin" are gender-neutral.

Q2: What is the best approach for coded blood relation questions?

First, decode all the symbols to understand what each relationship means. Then break down the given expression step by step, building the family tree as you go. Always verify by working backwards.

Q3: How do I handle "only son" or "only daughter" statements?

"Only son of my father" = the speaker (if male) or his brother. "Only daughter of my mother" = the speaker (if female) or her sister. Be careful - these phrases often refer to the speaker themselves.

Q4: Are blood relation questions time-consuming?

With practice, basic questions take 30-60 seconds. Complex coded questions might take 1-2 minutes. Drawing a quick tree diagram actually saves time by preventing confusion.

Q5: What is the most common mistake in blood relation problems?

Assuming gender without evidence is the most common error. Another frequent mistake is confusing maternal (mother's side) and paternal (father's side) relationships.

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Master blood relations with consistent practice and systematic diagramming!

Honesty about data: this guide leans on public candidate reports and official sources, so no number here is guaranteed for your specific drive. Confirm on the official portal, and treat candidate-reported cut-offs as a planning range, not a promise.